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Taking context from year to year, the annual price hike after the standards was $400 higher than before the standards, but because of this, buyers received an average additional fuel efficiency gain of $1,400 each year. In detail: A new truck sold in 2017 was $8,200 more fuel efficient than a 2011 model, which averaged over six years gives $1,366, or roughly $1,400.
In short, CO2 standards have significantly reduced the total cost of truck ownership in the USA.